This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. High-speed serial interfaces are the primary I/O architecture of most of today’s communications products. Virtually all ...
This rule of thumb enables us to estimate how much attenuation would be in the loss budget of a serial channel. Spoiler summary:With no equalization, about -10 dB at the Nyquist. With just CTLE, about ...
Analyzing closed eye diagrams is tricky. The primary eye-closing culprit is inter-symbol interference ISI), which is caused by the frequency response of the channel. I’ve written about closed eye ...
As high-speed serial data rates advance beyond 50 Gb/s, conventional logic-emulating non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signaling is being replaced by PAM4, a four-level pulse amplitude-modulation scheme. PAM4 ...
The relentless demand for massive amounts of data is accelerating the pace of high-performance computing (HPC) within the high-speed Ethernet realm. This escalation, in turn, intensified the ...
The paper explores the challenges facing designers implementing systems that are compliant to 10GBASE-KR and CEI11-LR standards. These systems can be 40-50†with multiple connectors and it is ...
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