Liquid-crystal (LC) phase modulators are widely used in optical systems because of their advantages of low power consumption, lightweight, flexible bandwidth adjustment, and non-mechanical movements.

Light Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS Complex modulation of optical fields (i.e., the control of light’s amplitude and phase) is vital to the ...

Doing more with less in electronics often means improving power density. One of the new areas garnering attention involves applying a variety of advanced modulation techniques, including PWM and space ...