A 115-year effort to bridge the particle and fluid descriptions of nature has led mathematicians to an unexpected answer. In 1900, the great mathematician David Hilbert presented a list of 23 unsolved ...

The Navier-Stokes equations capture in a few succinct terms one of the most ubiquitous features of the physical world: the flow of fluids. The equations, which date to the 1820s, are today used to ...

Stochastic fluid dynamics extends classical fluid mechanics by incorporating randomness and uncertainty directly into the governing equations. This approach utilises stochastic differential equations ...

Scientific progress is not usually straightforward. Researchers pursue and abandon lines of inquiry. Results languish. Theories take decades to cohere. But sometimes the accumulation of scientific ...

For centuries, mathematicians have sought to understand and model the motion of fluids. The equations that describe how ripples crease the surface of a pond have also helped researchers to predict the ...

The following is an extract from our Lost in Space-Time newsletter. Each month, we hand over the keyboard to a physicist or mathematician to tell you about fascinating ideas from their corner of the ...

It’s the same math that explains how, under the right conditions, the atmosphere above a barren plain can produce a roiling tornado. Merle has had enormous success taming these blowups in the ...