Nonlinear frequency conversion exploits the intrinsic interaction between intense optical fields and the polarisation response of a medium to generate new colours of light. When the electric field of ...

Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV, 100–200 nm) light sources are indispensable for advanced spectroscopy, quantum research, and semiconductor lithography. Although second harmonic generation (SHG) using ...

(Left) Schematic illustration of the experimental setup used to demonstrate bidirectional asymmetric wave conversion. (Right) Visualization of upconversion and downconversion depending on the ...

The nonlinear susceptibility is a measure of a material's nonlinear response to an applied electric field. It determines the strength of the nonlinear effects and is related to the crystal's symmetry ...