The brain of humans and other animals is known to contribute to the protection of the body from infections. Past studies have unveiled the existence of the so-called conditioned immune response (CIR), ...

Neural circuits associated with three cortical regions in cognitive generalization with different manifestations from different species. (A) Emotionrelated brain regions mainly project to PFC and OFC; ...

By elucidating the neural basis of individual differences in fear plasticity, this study highlights the central role of brain states in stress adaptation. "Our work provides new insights into arousal ...

The neural mechanisms of many symptoms associated with migraine have yet to be elucidated. New research suggests that a non-image-forming retinal pathway and signals from the dura mater contribute to ...

In the split second that is needed to view a stop sign and react to it, our brain navigates a complex process that transitions seamlessly from perception to action control. This ability to halt or ...

Stanford Medicine investigators have replicated, in a lab dish, one of the most prominent human nervous pathways for sensing pain. This nerve circuit transmits sensations from the body’s skin to the ...

Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have uncovered a fundamental principle underlying how the human brain processes ...

Stroke and spinal cord injuries can severely impair motor functions, and understanding how to promote recovery is a critical challenge. While damaged neurons in the brain and spinal cord have limited ...

A newly identified brain pathway in mice could explain why placebos, or interventions designed to have no therapeutic effect, still relieve pain. Developing drugs that target this pathway may lead to ...